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COMPARATIVE GALLERY: SUBFAMILY BIBLIDINAE - BIBLIDS
A large and varied group of small to large Nymphalid butterflies which includes distinctive groups such as the 88s, the Clickers and Sailors. They occasionally are grouped under the common name "Tropical Brushfoots". Amongst the most charismatic species are the "Clickers", capable of producing a crackling sound like electricity with the wings (see Gallery 1 for photos and to hear the noise). They are common inhabitants of forest undergrowth and gardens where they perch with open wings on tree-trunks and walls. Butterflies in the genera Callicore and Paulogramma are easily mistaken for the true 88 butterflies of the genus Diaethra, but note the yellow rather than white base colour of the underwing.
Click on the photo to enlarge it to full size.
Click on the species links to access the FAUNA Paraguay Handbook of Paraguayan Fauna Species Account.
FIGURE 3a

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Gallery 3 Tribe Biblidini: Biblis and Mestra, Tribe Epiphilini: Epiphile, Nica, Pyrrhogyra and Temenis
FIGURE 3a - Red Rim Biblis hyperia - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
FIGURE 3b - Mestra dorcas - location unknown (Sigrid Drechsel www.pybio.org).
FIGURE 3c - Epiphile hubneri - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith November 2007).
FIGURE 3d - Little Beauty Nica flavilla - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
FIGURE 3e - Redring Pyrrhogyra neaerea arge - upper image Encarnación, Departamento Itapúa (Paul Smith June 2007); lower image Hotel Tirol, Departamento Itapúa (Regis Nossent July 2005).
FIGURE 3f - Mocha Temenis laothoe - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).

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Gallery 2 Tribe Eubagini: Dynamine
FIGURE 2a - Spectacled Sailor Dynamine aerata - Laguna Blanca, Departamento San Pedro (Jonathan Newman October 2009).
FIGURE 2b - Edged Sailor Dynamine agacles - Encarnación, Departamento Itapúa (Paul Smith June 2007).
FIGURE 2c - Small Eyed Sailor Dynamine artemesia male - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
FIIGURE 2d - Small Eyed Sailor Dynamine artemesia female - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith June 2007).
FIGURE 2e - Lined Sailor Dynamine athemon - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith November 2007).
FIGURE 2f - Whitespot Sailor Dynamine coenus - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
FIGURE 2g - Plain Sailor Dynamine myrrhina - location unknown (Ulf Drechsel www.pybio.org).
FIGURE 2h - Four-spotted Sailor Dynamine postverta  - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
FIGURE 2i - Blind Sailor Dynamine tithia - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
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Hamadryas epinome territorial defence sounds recorded PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
Gallery 1 Tribe Ageroniini: Ectima and Hamadryas
FIGURE 1a - Ectima thecla - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
FIGURE 1b - Red Clicker Hamadryas amphinome - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
FIGURE 1c - White Clicker Hamadryas epinome - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
FIGURE 1d - Grey Clicker Hamadryas februa - Encarnación, Departamento Itapúa (Paul Smith June 2007).
FIGURE 1e - Red-spotted Clicker Hamadryas feronia - Sanctuario de Itacua, Departamento Itapúa (Paul Smith September 2007).
FIGURE 1f - Yellow Clicker Hamadryas fornax - location unknown (Ulf Drechsel www.pybio.org).

Hamadryas butterflies are known as "Clickers" because of their ability to make clicking noises with the wings, perhaps as a territorial marker (Kim Garwood pers. comm.).
Click the link below to hear the noise made by the "White Clicker" Hamadryas epinome Figs 1b-c.
Gallery 5 Tribe Epicalini: Eunica, Tribe Callicorini: Diaethria
FIGURE 5a - Ivory Eunica eburnia - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
FIGURE 5b - Purplewing Eunica maja female - Estancia Laguna Blanca, Departamento San Pedro (Paul Smith October 2008).
FIGURE 5c - Purplewing Eunica tatila male - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith September 2007).
FIGURE 5d - Purplewing Eunica tatila female -Estancia Laguna Blanca, Departamento San Pedro (Paul Smith April 2010).
FIGURE 5e - Number Eighty Diaethria candrena - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
FIGURE 5f - Number Eighty-Eight Diaethria clymena - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
Gallery 4 Tribe Epicalini: Catonephele and Myscelia
FIGURE 4a - Catonephele acontius male - location unknown (Ulf Drechsel www.pybio.org).
FIGURE 4b - Catone Catonephele acontius - location unknown (Ulf Drechsel www.pybio.org).
FIGURE 4c - Stoplight Catone Catonephele numilia male - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
FIGURE 4d - Stoplight Catone Catonephele numilia female fulva form - Hotel Tirol, Departamento Itapúa (Regis Nossent July 2005).
FIGURE 4e - Orsis Bluewing Myscelia orsis male - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
FIGURE 4f - Orsis Bluewing Myscelia orsis female - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Laura Tensen February 2008 ).
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Gallery 6 Tribe Callicorini: Callicore, Haematera and Paulogramma
FIGURE 6a - Little Callicore Callicore hydaspes - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
FIGURE 6b - Blue-bordered Callicore Callicore pygas - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
FIGURE 6c - Zigzag Callicore Callicore sorana - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (upper Paul Smith March 2007, under Martijn Brouwer May 2007).
FIGURE 6d - Blaze Haematera pyrame - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).
FIGURE 6e - False Callicore Paulogramma pyracmon - PROCOSARA, PN San Rafael (Paul Smith March 2007).

Thanks to Ezequiel Nuñez-Bustos for assistance with butterfly identification.
Designed by Paul Smith 2006. This website is copyrighted by law.
Material contained herewith may not be used without the prior written permission of FAUNA Paraguay.
Photographs on this page taken by Paul Smith, Martijn Brouwer, Sigrid Drechsel, Regis Nossent, Jonathan Newman, Laura Tensen and Ulf Drechsel and are used with permission.
Special thanks to Ulf Drechsel for permission to use images from his site www.pybio.org.